Obesity often occurs from taking in more calories than burning calories through exercise and daily activities. It is defined as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that risks your health. BMI over 25 is considered overweight, and over 30 is obese. Obesity is a complex, chronic disease with several causes that lead to poor health. Body fat is not a disease, but too much extra fat in your body can change how it functions. Changes are progressive, can worsen over time, and lead to adverse health effects.

Poor lifestyle is one of the causes of obesity. Obesity contributes to many health conditions such as coronary heart disease, type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, gout, gallstones, colon cancer, Higher risk of strokes, and fatty liver disease.

How does obesity affect liver health?

Obesity causes various liver diseases called non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). It is the most common disease worldwide, affecting 32% of the world's population. It is considered that obesity contributes to insulin resistance, which can cause liver conditions.

NAFLD and obesity are closely related in terms of liver damage, range of liver conditions under NAFLD

• Steatosis (simple fatty liver): It builds up excess fat in the liver. It generally does not show symptoms and is incidentally diagnosed when tests for other conditions are conducted.

• Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH): It is the advanced form of NAFLD in which liver inflammation occurs. As it is relatively low-grade, many people live with it with little or zero symptoms.

• Fibrosis: Fibrosis is when liver inflammation persists, scar tissue is formed, and it builds up around the liver and surrounding blood vessels repeatedly. It is a more serious condition, but the liver can still function at this serious stage.

• Cirrhosis: After years of liver inflammation, it shrinks and becomes scarred and lumpy. NAFLD can cause permanent liver damage and lead to liver function failure and liver cancer. Other conditions, such as hepatitis B and hepatitis C infections, can lead to cirrhosis.

Fatty liver diseases worsen over time and can cause steatohepatitis (inflamed liver). 

A timely test is the only way to confirm whether your liver is working fine. 

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