As a small-scale wireless connection technology, Bluetooth has the characteristics of low power consumption, low cost, and convenience. It is widely used in scenarios such as wireless earphones, smart watches, and wireless remote controls. It is one of the mainstream technologies for wireless communication.
Since the first Bluetooth version was born in 1999, Bluetooth technology has been developed for more than 20 years. From Bluetooth 1.0 to Bluetooth 5.3, what functions have been upgraded by the constantly updated Bluetooth protocol?
Bluetooth 1.0
The transmission rate is 748~810kbps, simplex transmission, the communication is easily disturbed, and it is difficult to distinguish the primary and secondary equipment.
Bluetooth 1.1
The transmission rate is 748~810kbps, and it can only work in a simplex transmission mode, which is susceptible to communication interference from products with the same frequency, and can already distinguish between primary and secondary equipment. This version supports the transmission requirements of Stereo audio effects, but parameters such as bandwidth, frequency, and response time do not meet the requirements, and it is not the best protocol for Stereo transmission.
Bluetooth 1.2
The transmission rate has not changed. Based on the Bluetooth 1.1 version, the anti-interference frequency hopping function has been added to support single-channel playback, but the performance is still not ideal.
Bluetooth 2.0
Bluetooth 2.0 is an optimized and upgraded version of 1.2, and the transmission rate can reach about 2Mbps. This version of the Bluetooth module can realize full-duplex working mode, and can transmit voice information while transmitting files, and carry out real-time two-way communication. The power consumption is relatively reduced, and stereo sound is supported.
Bluetooth 2.1
The maximum transmission rate is 3Mbps. This version of the Bluetooth module has the pairing and near field communication NFC (Near Field CoMMunication) mechanism between mobile phones;
Sniff Subrating function: It can realize the setting of the confirmation data transmission interval between two devices. When we extend this time interval, the power consumption of the Bluetooth chip can be reduced.
This version of the Bluetooth protocol supports full-duplex communication mode, and data can realize real-time two-way interaction.
Bluetooth 3.0
Using a new protocol, the transmission rate can reach 24Mbps, which is greatly improved on the basis of Bluetooth 2.0, and supports video transmission.
Bluetooth 4.0
Achieve extreme low power consumption; low cost, low latency, can achieve a low latency of 3ms, and AES-128 encryption, to achieve high security under the premise of ensuring performance. The device can be multi-connected, and theoretically it can achieve a distance transmission of 100 meters.
Bluetooth versions after 4.0 belong to Bluetooth Low Energy.
Bluetooth 4.1
Realize the connection to the network through the IPV6 protocol, improving the convenience and user experience of users in the network;
AES encryption technology: Let us obtain a more secure connection through hardware encryption technology.
Bluetooth 4.2
Connect to the Internet through 6LoWPAN to increase the data transmission rate; the transmission rate is increased and the security is enhanced.
Bluetooth 5.0
The more advanced Bluetooth chip supports the left and right channels to receive audio independently, with stronger data processing capability and lower delay.
Increased transmission distance: up to 300 meters.
Beacon: Provides broadcasting services.
Lossless transmission: Support 24bit/192KHz lossless audio transmission.
Bluetooth 5.1
AOA function: It can realize the indoor positioning error within 1m, and the indoor positioning is more accurate.
Bluetooth 5.2
The transmission rate is 42Mbps, and the theoretical transmission distance is 300 meters. Added enhanced ATT protocol, LE power consumption control and LE sync channel and other functions.
Multi-master and multi-slave: Under the role of master-slave, 7 slave devices can be connected at the same time, and can be connected by another master role device as a slave role.
Long Range Mode: Effectively increase the transmission distance and increase the communication range.
Support large broadcast packets: effectively increase the transmission rate.
Extended broadcast packet multiplexing channel: Multiplexing 37 channels for transmission, strong anti-interference level and fast transmission.
LE power control function: dynamically optimize the transmission power between connected devices according to the change of signal strength, while ensuring signal quality and reducing power waste.
Bluetooth 5.3
The transmission rate is the same as Bluetooth 5.2, with lower delay, longer battery life, and stronger anti-interference ability.
Support periodic broadcast including broadcast data information (ADI), effectively improve communication efficiency;
ADI includes a broadcast data ID (DID) and a broadcast group ID (SID). The broadcast data ID is mainly used to distinguish different broadcast data contents, and the broadcast group ID is used to distinguish different broadcast groups.
Added LE enhanced version connection update function, easy to achieve low power consumption;
Added LE channel classification function to reduce mutual interference between devices;
Added the function of Host setting the length of the Controller key, which improves security;
Completely delete high-speed configuration (HS) and related technical specifications.
In summary, the higher the Bluetooth version, the more powerful the function. Note that the Bluetooth version is backward compatible.
Now the update speed of the Bluetooth version is very fast. Compared with the previous version, the latest Bluetooth 5.3 has obvious improvements in transmission rate, stability, security, etc., with stronger functions and more applications. But for users, the most important thing is the consumption experience.
Bluetooth is a good technology, and I hope that the updated version will allow it to show its talents in the field of Internet of Things.
Ebyte Electronic Technology Co., Ltd. specializes in R&D and production of wireless data transmission modules with various functions in various frequency bands. The products have been widely used in various application scenarios such as the Internet of Things, consumer electronics, industrial control, medical care, smart home, and highways. If you have any needs, please contact email: service-es-@cdebyte.com or visit the website: https://www.es-ebyte.com/Module-SPISOCUART
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