Upgrade of Domain Controller in Self-Driving Car Industry

Upgrade of Domain Controller in Self-Driving Car Industry
5 min read

Profiting from the growth of autonomous vehicles as well as the shift in automotive electronic and electrical architectures moving from centralization to distributed the domain controller market is expanding rapidly.

It is anticipated that in 2025, sales of domain controllers that autopilot can control will be more than 4 million units, and the number from smart cockpits domain controllers could be more than 5 million sets, with a rate of growth compounding to more than 50 percent.

The "brain" of intelligent vehicles shortly The function of the domain controller is accomplished through the collaboration of the main control chip, the system software (operating system and middleware), and the application algorithms.

As per the current procedure of car companies that use high-performance hardware as that is represented by the controller chip is the one first device to be installed on the vehicle and software for the operating system, as well as the application software, will be constantly updated through the continual improvement of an algorithm. slowly releasing the use of embedded hardware to achieve the software-based model for the vehicle.

Due to this the master chips for domain controllers has grown into a well-known track, and numerous companies have laid it out one after the other.

Upgrade of Domain Controller in Self-Driving Car Industry

Domain Controller Chips Emerge Endlessly

Presently, a huge number of players are in the master chips for domain controllers particularly in the area of domain controllers with autopilot including international manufacturers such as Nvidia, Qualcomm, NXP, Mobileye, TI, and also domestic companies like Huawei, Horizon, Black Sesame, Core engine Technology, and others.

Amid the numerous manufacturers, the design of Nvidia is one of the earlier. In the year 2019 Nvidia launched its intelligent driver SoC Orin and Orin-based computing platform Drive AGX Orin. Following two years of improvement and finishing, the company launched OrinX SoC. NXP has also developed experience in the domain of controller chips in the past. Since the year 2017, it was announced that more than half of TOP15 companies have embraced NXP's NXP S32 platform (a fully flexible automotive computing architecture) for their forthcoming models. In the year 2020, NXP launched the S32G domain controller chip.

TI introduced a new series that includes TDA4 chips. According to reports, the TDA4 chip can support real-time deep learning and image processing with 5-20W power consumption. It also has performance efficiency that allows for high-performance ADAS operations with no active cooling. Integrated SoC is a general software platform that will simplify the development process and reduce cost, and the single-chip can access 4 to 3 million-pixel cameras to enhance vehicle vision and processing capabilities.

Heterogeneous Multi-Core High Integration Low Power Consumption

First, the primary control chip of the Domain Controller is shifting towards a heterogeneous multi-core SoC. Manufacturers of chips from the US and abroad are racing to develop SoC chips that have more powerful computing capabilities, and the computing power has grown from a few TOPS and hundreds of TOPS and even thousands of TOPS.

The central component of the ECU time lies in an MCU chip. In the age of domain controllers, the degree of intelligence of cars is a significant increase, as the complexity of operations increases exponentially. As part of the process of intelligent function development, high-performance hardware can be integrated into the future, and functions are modified by algorithm software which demands the main controller chip of the control chip to be equipped with an enhanced base and greater processing power.

In contrast to the MCU chip that relies on CPU The SoC chip incorporates a variety of modules like AI chip, CPU (GPU/FPGA/ASIC) and advanced deep-learning unit (NPU), and many more. The power to compute SoC chips is mostly derived via AI chips.

In addition, GPU, which is mostly based on image processing is a lot more powerful in computational units than CPU. This aids SoC chips gain greater computing capabilities over MCU which is why it is now a common practice that domain controllers utilize SoC chips.

Of course, it's important to note that the design for the domain controller chips is not centered exclusively on the power of computing.

We also can see that in terms of the manufacturing process the domain controller master chip is moving toward an advanced manufacturing process and is constantly changing and the chip's manufacturing process has evolved from 28nm to 16nm. 7nm or 12nm.

In addition, it is known that some companies have embraced the 5nm process.

In January, Qualcomm revealed that its Snapdragon Ride SoC would be developed using 5nm technology and will become the world's first 5nm autopilot chip.

It is important to remember that the reason for the development of the method is the greater demands from the domain controller in terms of chip integration and power consumption reduction cost optimization and speed improvements.

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