Black gums, also known as gum hyperpigmentation, may sound like an urban legend to some, but it’s a very real and little-known condition affecting hundreds of thousands of people. Despite the name, black gums don’t make your gums black—they instead cause dark spots or blotches on your gums that range in color from brown to black. It’s possible that you’ve seen someone with this condition and just didn’t know what it was called, or perhaps you have it yourself and haven’t even been diagnosed properly.
What are black gums?
Black gums are a condition that is not widely discussed but affects many people. The most common symptom is dark black spots or blotches on the gums. Occasionally, teeth may also be affected. Black gums can either be caused by trauma or a genetic predisposition to the condition. There are many ways to treat black gums and prevent them from returning, including teeth whitening and bleaching treatments.
What causes black gums?
Black gums are usually caused by a process known as melanin hyperpigmentation. This can happen when the cells in the top layer of skin, called keratinocytes, are unable to produce enough of an enzyme called tyrosinase. This enzyme is responsible for converting the amino acid tyrosine into melanin. When there isn't enough tyrosinase, the cells try to create more melanin and this causes hyperpigmentation (dark spots or blotches).
It's unknown what causes black gums specifically, but sometimes it's just a natural symptom of aging.
Are black gums dangerous?
It may not be very well known, but hundreds of thousands of people have black gums also known as gum hyperpigmentation. As the name suggests, the most common symptom is dark black spots or blotches on the gums. On rare occasions, It may mimic melanoma cancer, so it is important to see a doctor and get a proper diagnosis. The cause of black gums is still unknown and it could be caused by genetics, trauma to the teeth or mouth areas, medication side effects, and/or inflammation in the mouth due to sinusitis.
The black color usually goes away over time on its own with no treatment necessary. In some cases though, treatments such as laser therapy might be needed to remove it permanently.
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How can I get rid of black gums?
Black gums are a little-known condition, but it has affected thousands of people. There is no known cause for black gums, but the most common symptom is dark blotches on the gums. This can be easily corrected with a dentist's help. If you want to prevent black gums in your mouth or get rid of them once they've already started, one way to do so is by making sure you brush and floss twice a day and see your dentist every six months for a checkup.
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