Design and Improvement of Hydrogen Peroxide Plant
Hydrogen peroxide is a powerful disinfectant, but it's difficult to find in many developing countries. Now MIT researchers have come up with a simple, inexpensive, portable way to make it continuously from air and water.
The new process works by splitting water into hydrogen and oxygen atoms using electricity. Those atoms then react with a mediator material to form hydrogen peroxide technology.
Design of Catalytic System
Hydrogen peroxide is one of the world's most widely used oxidants, particularly in pulp-and paper bleaching. It is also used for chemical oxidation and as an effective disinfectant.
Currently, hydrogen peroxide production in small-to-medium size plant environments is difficult and/or costly. Such plants are complex and require large installments of equipment, a number of competent personnel for service and maintenance, as well as special safeguards to safely handle the resulting hydrogen peroxide in its typically high concentrations of 40 percent.
A major challenge for hydrogen peroxide production or construction service by a conventional AO-process is the requirement of an optimally selective catalyst that is capable of producing H2O2 at industrially relevant concentrations and preventing it from decomposition or other harmful reactions. This requires a catalyst that is highly reactive, maintains high selectivity for H2O2 in reaction, and can operate at high rates with minimal energy input.
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Design of Reactor
The design of the reactor in a hydrogen peroxide plant, in particular in a mini-AO-process, is an important part of the overall system for a safe and efficient production of the desired product. The invention relates to a new and industrial technically, operationally and economically very suitable and flexible, optionally also remotely controllable, modular plant design for the autoxidation (AO) process with a small-to-medium scale production capacity of hydrogen peroxide, wherein the plants can be operated proximal to or on-site of an end user or customer industrial application site in continuous operation.
The modules are arranged as skid mounted units. These skids may contain a hydrogenator on the skid 1, an oxidizer on the skid 2, a process air compressor on the skid 3, a solvent recovery unit on the skid 4, extraction equipment on the skid 5 and a coalescer on the skid 6.
Design of Heat Exchanger
In a hydrogen peroxide plant, the heat exchanger is an essential part of the production process. It is used to transfer heat and energy between two different fluids, thereby ensuring smooth and efficient operation.
A conventional heat exchanger has a single fluid of the same temperature and one or more fluids of varying temperatures, usually in parallel or in a mixed manner. This type of heat exchanger is often referred to as a conduction heat exchanger.
Hydrogen peroxide can be applied to keep cooling loops, process water loops and heat exchangers clean by removing fouling that can occur from various contaminants in the water. This can improve the overall performance of the system and help reduce maintenance costs in the long run.
This invention aims to design and improve a heat exchanger for the purpose of carrying out a liquid-liquid extraction of hydrogen peroxide. The residence time of the liquid-liquid extractor should be sufficient to make the distribution coefficient of hydrogen peroxide between aqueous extraction medium and organic phase reach at least about 80%, more preferably 90%.
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Design of Pressure Vessel
Hydrogen peroxide is a liquid Chemical EPC project compound that is used in a number of applications. It is an oxidizer, bleaching agent and antiseptic. It is also used to treat waste water and sludge.
The plant of the present invention comprises a modular production unit for the manufacturing of aqueous hydrogen peroxide solutions in low concentrations by the autoxidation process (AO-process). It is composed of several skids which can be assembled on-site.
Each skid includes a set of equipment items that are standardized, and thus can be combined in many different ways. This makes it easier to disassemble and repair individual skids, if necessary.
The pressure vessel of the plant is preferably constructed of 5254 aluminum or stainless steel, and has flanged connections. Piping for the storage tank is usually constructed of 304L or 316L stainless steel. The piping is passivated to remove dust and dirt.
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