Sufism is an esoteric school of Islam that developed in the early era of Islamic history, with the objective of spiritual instruction and self-purification.Sufism is very strong in Pakistan and Islam in India and Pakistan is influenced by Sufism. Experts say about 60 percent of Pakistani Muslims regard themselves as Sufi followers. Much of the literature, poetry and music associated with Pakistan is inspired by Sufism (See Qawwali Music below). The music and poetry appeals to Sufis and non-Sufis alike. Non-Sufis often
Saints and Mystics:
Saints are held in high regard particularly in the Lahore-Punjab, where many have had miracles attributed to them. Hazrat Syed Hafiz Haji Abul Hasan Bin Usman Bin Ali Al-Jalabi Al-Hujwiri (ra) also known as Data Ganj Bakhsh (the master who bestows treasures) or Data Sahib was a great Persian Sufi scholar, writer and poet who lived during the 5th Century AH (11th Century AD). The shrine of Hazrat Ali Hajveri, also known as Data Darbar, is located in Lahore, Pakistan. It is one of the oldest and most sacred Sufi shrines in the region. The shrine serves as a place of spiritual significance and attracts thousands of devotees and pilgrims from all over the world.
Shrines in Lahore:
Almost every village has a shrine to a local saint where annual festivals are held. They have traditionally been built around the tombs of great saints and have traditionally been the focal point of religious life and festivals.
Most known famous shrines in Lahore:
- Data Darbar (Data Ganj Bakhsh Ali Hajveri Shrine)-
- Bibi Pak Daman
- Shah Jamal
- Shah Hussain
- Hazrat Madhu Lal Hussain
Sufi Festivals in Lahore:
Sufi festivals known as “urs” are held annually to mark the anniversaries of a saints’ deaths and their “marriage” to God. They attract thousands of pilgrims and have accompanying meals. Pilgrims arrive in specials buses, trains and trucks. Food and entertainment is offered at the accompanying fairs (“mela”). Description in the Insight Guide to Pakistan of a Sufi festival in the Lahore-Punjab.
Qawwali Music:
Qawwali” is a kind of Sufi devotional music with a high-pitched and fast-paced style of singing. It developed in the 13th century when Sufism was becoming popular on the Indian subcontinent. “Qawwali” literally means "philosophical utterance" in Arabic and has come to mean performing Sufi poetry to music. “Qawwali” songs are based on devotional Sufi poems and often have romantic themes that can be interpreted as love between a devotee and his God.
Sufism research center in Lahore:
The Sheikh Abul Hassan Shazli Research Centre in Lahore research center conduct research in Lahore city on Islam, Sufism, religious thought, tolerance, and modern sciences. The center in the future will offer undergraduate and graduate programs in Islamic philosophy.
Spiritual Practices and Rituals: Sufi practices such as meditation, chanting, and dhikr (remembrance of God) are common in Lahore's Sufi circles. The city's Sufi gatherings often feature music, poetry recitals, and dance as ways to connect with the divine. The annual Urs festivals at Sufi shrines are major events where people from different backgrounds come together to celebrate the lives and teachings of Sufi saints.
Cultural Influence: Sufism has greatly influenced Lahore's cultural expressions. Sufi poetry, particularly the works of poets like Bulleh Shah, Shah Hussain, and Waris Shah, is an integral part of the city's literary heritage. Their poetry often revolves around themes of love, unity, and the quest for divine truth, resonating deeply with the people of Lahore.
Tolerance and Harmony: Sufism promotes the ideas of love, peace, and harmony among different religious and social groups. Many Sufi saints emphasized the unity of humanity and the importance of transcending sectarian differences. This philosophy has contributed to Lahore's reputation as a city with a relatively diverse and tolerant atmosphere.
Social Welfare: Sufi orders often engage in charitable and social welfare activities to serve their communities. In Lahore, Sufi institutions have historically been involved in providing education, healthcare, and other forms of support to the less privileged.
Philosophical Impact: Sufi teachings have contributed to philosophical discussions in Lahore and beyond. The emphasis on inner spiritual experiences and the pursuit of divine knowledge has influenced the thought processes of scholars and intellectuals in the region.
Conclusion:
Sufism has left a profound imprint on Lahore's identity, touching various aspects of its culture, spirituality, and social fabric. It continues to play a vital role in shaping the city's ethos and contributing to its vibrant tapestry of traditions. By preserving its traditions and promoting its teachings, Data Darbar continues to inspire generations and serve as a beacon of spirituality and harmony in an ever-changing world.
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