IoT device applications for home, enterprise, industry

The Internet of Things involves extending Internet connectivity beyond traditional standard devices such as desktops, laptops, smartphones, and tablets to any and every non-Internet-enabled physical device and everyday objects. These devices are embedded with programmed technology, can communicate and interact via the Internet, and can be monitored and controlled remotely.
IoT device applications
Connected devices are part of a scenario where each device talks to other related devices in the environment to automate household and industrial tasks and communicate available sensory data to the individual user, business or other interested parties. IoT devices are designed to work with people in the home, industry or business. Therefore, devices can be divided into three broad categories: consumer, enterprise, and industrial.
Consumer connected devices include smart TVs, smart speakers, toys, wearables and smart appliances.
Smart meters are commercial security systems and smart city technologies. Technologies such as those used to monitor traffic and weather conditions are examples of industrial and enterprise IoT devices. Other technologies, including smart air conditioners, smart thermostats, smart lighting, and smart security technologies, cover home, business, and industrial uses. Módulo SPI
In a smart home, the individual arrives at the home and his car communicates with the garage to open the door. Once inside, the thermostat has been adjusted to his liking and the lights are set to a lower intensity and the colour he has chosen to relax as his pacemaker data suggests it's been a stressful day .
In the enterprise, smart sensors located in meeting rooms can help employees find and schedule rooms available for meetings, ensuring that the right room type, size and functionality are available. As attendees enter the room, the temperature will adjust based on occupancy, and with the appropriate PowerPoint loaded on the screen, the lights will dim and the presenter begins to present.
On the factory floor, a sensor-equipped assembly line machine will provide the factory operator with sensor data, informing her of anomalies and predicting when parts need to be replaced. Such information can prevent unplanned downtime, as well as lost productivity and profits.
In the field, such notifications can alert the user to what went wrong and the parts needed to fix the problem, avoiding the need to send a field service person to diagnose the problem and just waste her time driving to the warehouse, finding the correct part and returning on site.
IoT device management
A number of challenges can hinder the successful deployment of IoT systems and their connected devices, including security, interoperability, power/processing capability, scalability, and availability. IoT device management can address many of these issues by adopting standard protocols or using vendor-provided services.
Device management helps companies integrate, organize, monitor, and remotely manage Internet-enabled devices at scale, and provides capabilities critical to maintaining the health, connectivity, and security of IoT devices throughout their lifecycle. These features include:
Device registration
Device Authentication/Authorization
Device Configuration
Device Configuration
Equipment monitoring and diagnostics
Device Troubleshooting
Available standardized device management protocols include Open Mobile Alliance's Device Management (OMA DM) and Lightweight Machine-to-Machine (OMA LwM2M).
IoT device connectivity and networking
The networking, communication, and connectivity protocols used by Internet-enabled devices depend heavily on the specific IoT application deployed. As with many different IoT applications, there are also many different connectivity and communication options.
Communication protocols include CoAP, DTLS, and MQTT. Wireless protocols include IPv6, LPWAN, Zigbee, Bluetooth Low Energy, RFID and NFC. 2/3/4G (DTU and industrial routers), NB-IoT, Wi-Fi and Ethernet are also available. Módulo UART
Each option has its trade-offs in terms of power consumption, range, and bandwidth, all of which must be considered when selecting connected devices and protocols for a specific IoT application.
To share the sensor data they collect, IoT devices connect to an IoT gateway or another edge device where the data can be analyzed locally or sent to the cloud for analysis.