White cast iron is a type of cast iron that is characterized by its white, hard, and brittle surface. It is a ferrous alloy that contains between 2.11% to 6.67% carbon and 0.5% to 1.9% silicon. The high carbon content of white cast iron gives it a white, crystalline appearance when it is broken, unlike the gray cast iron which has a gray, graphite-filled fracture surface.
The formula of white cast iron is Fe-C-Si. It is composed of iron (Fe), carbon (C), and silicon (Si). The exact composition of white cast iron varies depending on the manufacturer and the application.
White cast iron is produced by cooling molten iron rapidly. The rapid cooling prevents the carbon in the iron from forming graphite, which is the reason why the fracture surface of white cast iron is white instead of gray. The high carbon content of white cast iron makes it extremely hard and wear-resistant, which makes it ideal for use in applications where high wear resistance is required, such as in the production of wear-resistant castings, grinding balls, and grinding media.
The high carbon content of white cast iron makes it difficult to machine, so it is usually used in applications where its hardness and wear resistance are important. However, it can be machined by using diamond tools or by using high-speed steel tools with carbide tips.
White cast iron is not as ductile as other types of cast iron, which means that it cannot be easily deformed or bent without breaking. It is also more brittle than gray cast iron, which means that it is more likely to break under impact or shock loading.
In conclusion, the formula of white cast iron is Fe-C-Si, and it is composed of iron, carbon, and silicon. Its high carbon content makes it hard and wear-resistant, but also brittle and difficult to machine. It is used in applications where high wear resistance is required, but not where ductility or toughness are important.
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