Diabetes is a chronic medical condition that occurs when the body cannot properly regulate blood sugar (glucose) levels. Glucose is an essential energy source for cells, and its blood levels must be carefully controlled. Insulin, a hormone produced by the pancreas, plays a key role in this regulation.
There are two main types of diabetes:
Type 1 diabetes: This occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body produces little or no insulin. Type 1 diabetes is common in children and adolescents, and people with this type of diabetes need to take insulin regularly to control their blood sugar levels
Type 2 diabetes: This is more common and usually occurs later in life, although it can occur at any age. In type 2 diabetes, the body does not produce enough insulin, or the cells become resistant to the effects of insulin. Lifestyle factors such as diet, exercise, and genetics can contribute to type 2 diabetes. Treatment usually includes lifestyle changes, oral medication, and, in some cases, insulin therapy.
Common symptoms of diabetes include:
Excessive thirst and hunger: Elevated blood glucose levels mean that the body needs more water and hunger will continue even after a meal
Frequent urination: Excess glucose in the blood can increase urination, causing frequent urination.
Unexplained weight loss: In type 1 diabetes, the body can break down muscle and fat tissue for energy, resulting in weight loss.
Fatigue: Fatigue and irritability can result when the body cannot use glucose properly for energy.
Blurred vision: High blood sugar levels can affect the eyes, causing blurred vision.
Slow wound healing: Diabetes can impair the body’s ability to heal, slowing wound healing.
Diabetes is considered a chronic disease because it requires ongoing management and treatment. If diabetes is not treated or managed properly, it can lead to serious complications such as heart disease, stroke, kidney damage, nerve damage, eye problems, etc. Dr. Priti Nanda Sibal is the Best Diabetes Doctor in Gurgaon. Diabetics need to work closely with healthcare professionals and a personalized treatment plan including medications, lifestyle modifications, and regular monitoring of blood sugar levels is carried out.
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