Air Gapped System: How Can You Secure Your Information?

StoneFly notes that the term “air gap” originates from the idea of physically isolating a computer system from other networks by removing their network interfaces, thus creating an air gap between them. This is most commonly seen in instances where sensitive information needs to be protected from unauthorized access and manipulation.

An Air Gapped System is a computer or a network that is intentionally kept isolated from any external network or internet connection. This means that the system cannot be remotely accessed, and data transfer can only occur through physical methods such as USB drives or external hard drives. Such systems are commonly used in highly secure environments such as government agencies, financial institutions, and military operations.

What is Air Gapped System?

An air gapped system is a type of security measure used to protect sensitive information and critical infrastructure from cyber threats. It involves physically isolating a computer, network, or device from any external networks or the internet, making it impossible for hackers to gain access remotely.

Why Are Air Gapped Systems Important?

Air gapped systems are crucial in protecting highly sensitive data and critical infrastructure from cyber attacks. These systems provide an extra layer of security by completely disconnecting the system from any external networks, making it difficult for hackers to gain unauthorized access or manipulate data.

How Do Air Gapped Systems Work?

An air gapped system works by physically isolating a computer, network, or device from external networks and the internet. This is achieved by removing any network interfaces, such as Wi-Fi or Ethernet ports, from the system. This means that data transfer can only occur through physical methods, such as USB drives or external hard drives.

How Air Gapped System Store and Protect Data in 15 Different Ways?

1. Limited Points of Entry:

Since air gapped systems are not connected to any external networks, they have limited points of entry for hackers to exploit. This makes it difficult for cyber criminals to gain unauthorized access to the system.

2. Physical Security Measures:

In addition to being disconnected from external networks, air gapped systems are also physically protected through measures such as locked rooms or cages, security cameras, and biometric access control systems. This further reduces the risk of unauthorized physical access to the system.

3. Use of Dedicated Hardware:

Air gapped systems often use dedicated hardware that is specifically designed for secure data storage. This hardware is not connected to any external networks and is only used for transferring data between air gapped systems or for secure data backup.

4. Encryption:

To further enhance the security of data stored in air gapped systems, encryption is often used to protect the data from being accessed or manipulated by unauthorized users.

5. Regular Software Updates:

Even though air gapped systems are not connected to external networks, it is important to keep their software up-to-date to patch any potential vulnerabilities and ensure the system's security.

6. Use of One-Time Passwords:

To transfer data from an air gapped system, users may need to generate a one-time password that is entered manually into the receiving device. This adds an extra layer of security to prevent unauthorized access.

7. User Authentication:

Access to an air gapped system is limited to authorized users only, and these users will need to authenticate themselves through methods such as passwords, biometric scans, or security tokens.

8. Network Segmentation:

In some cases, air gapped systems may be connected to a separate internal network for Data transfer within the organization. This network is completely isolated from any external networks, providing an extra layer of security.

9. Use of Tamper-Evident Seals:

To ensure the physical integrity of an air gapped system, tamper-evident seals can be used to detect any unauthorized physical access or manipulation.

10. Regular Monitoring and Auditing:

Air gapped systems should be regularly monitored and audited to ensure their security measures are properly implemented and that there are no potential vulnerabilities.

11. Restricted Permissions:

Access to an air gapped system should be limited to only those who need it, and permissions should be assigned accordingly. This reduces the risk of insider threats or unauthorized access by employees.

12. Disaster Recovery Plan:

In case of any physical damage or loss of data in an air gapped system, a disaster recovery plan should be in place to quickly restore the system and its data.

13. Use of Data Diodes:

Data diodes are devices that allow data to flow in only one direction, preventing any data from being transferred back into the air gapped system. This adds an extra layer of protection against cyber attacks.

14. Physical Inspection:

Air gapped systems should be regularly inspected to ensure that all security measures are in place and functioning properly. This can include checking for any tampering or potential physical vulnerabilities.

15. Regular Security Training:

Employees who have access to air gapped systems should undergo regular security training to understand the importance of maintaining the system's security protocols and how to identify and prevent potential security threats.

Conclusion

Air gapped systems provide a high level of security for protecting sensitive data and critical infrastructure from cyber attacks. By implementing various physical and technical security measures, such systems are able to ensure the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data. However, as with any security measure, it is important to regularly review and update these systems to stay ahead of potential threats. So, it is highly recommended to use air gapped systems for storing and protecting sensitive data. Overall, air gapped systems play a crucial role in maintaining the security of critical information and should be an important consideration for organizations dealing with sensitive data.

FAQs

Q: Can external devices, such as USB drives or external hard drives, compromise the security of an air gapped system?

A: While data transfer through physical methods is necessary for air gapped systems, it is important to follow strict protocols and conduct regular malware scans on these devices before connecting them to the system.

Q: Are air gapped systems completely invulnerable to cyber attacks?

A: No system is completely invulnerable to cyber attacks, but air gapped systems provide a high level of security by limiting potential points of entry and implementing various security measures. Regular monitoring, auditing, and security training can help further strengthen the system's security.

Q: Is it necessary to have an air gapped system even if there are other security measures in place, such as firewalls and antivirus software?

A: It depends on the level of sensitivity and criticality of the data being stored. Air gapped systems offer an additional layer of protection for highly sensitive information, but it is important to assess the specific needs and risks of each organization before deciding on its use. Overall, having multiple layers of security can provide a stronger defense against cyber attacks. So, it is recommended to use air gapped systems in addition to other security measures for maximum protection.

Q: How often should an air gapped system be audited and monitored?

A: It is recommended to conduct regular monitoring and auditing of air gapped systems, preferably on a daily or weekly basis. However, the frequency may vary depending on the organization's needs and risk assessments. Additionally, any significant changes or events should also prompt an immediate review of the system's security. So, it is essential to have a regular schedule for monitoring and auditing air gapped systems.

Q: Can air gapped systems be used in conjunction with cloud storage?

A: While it is possible to use cloud storage for data backup, it is generally not recommended for sensitive information. The transfer of data from an air gapped system to the cloud would require a physical connection and may increase the risk of potential cyber attacks. It is best to keep all data within the secure environment of an air gapped system.